Introducing Critical Infrastructure Sectors: Energy

21. marca 2026

The area of critical infrastructure in the Slovak Republic is regulated by Act No. 367/2024 Coll. on Critical Infrastructure and on Amendments and Supplements to Certain Acts, which defines individual sectors, subsectors, and essential services of critical infrastructure.

The Critical Infrastructure Association of the Slovak Republic presents a series of expert articles aimed at introducing individual critical infrastructure sectors, their structure, and helping entities identify whether this area concerns them. The series will gradually cover all 11 sectors of critical infrastructure, with each article focusing on one specific sector in accordance with the law.

Who the articles are intended for:

  • critical entities identified under the law,
  • suppliers of technologies and services for critical infrastructure,
  • professional entities providing security analyses, audits, and projects in the field of critical infrastructure,
  • other legal entities operating in the field of critical infrastructure,
  • entities operating in the field of cybersecurity,
  • entities operating in the defense and security industry,
  • the professional public in the field of security and risk management.

In this article, we focus on the first sector in order: Energy.

Energy represents a fundamental prerequisite for the functioning of a modern state. Stable supplies of electricity, gas, heat, and petroleum products are essential for industry, public services, and the everyday life of the population.

The central authorities responsible for the exercise of state administration in the energy sector are the Ministry of Economy of the Slovak Republic and the State Material Reserves Administration of the Slovak Republic.

Which subsectors belong to the energy sector:

a) Electricity
b) Nuclear energy
c) District heating and cooling
d) Oil and petroleum products
e) Gas industry
f) Hydrogen

Which entities belong to the above subsectors:

  • Electricity companies supplying electricity, distribution system operators, transmission system operators, electricity producers, electricity market operators, and electricity market participants under specific regulations
  • License holders under the Act on the peaceful use of nuclear energy
  • Producers, suppliers, and consumers of heat under specific regulations
  • Operators of pipelines for the transport of oil and fuels, operators of facilities for extraction, refining and processing of oil, storage and transport of oil and petroleum products, and organizations entrusted with the authority to procure and maintain emergency oil and petroleum product stocks and manage special oil reserves under specific regulations
  • Gas supply companies, gas distribution network operators, gas transmission network operators, gas storage operators, operators of liquefied natural gas facilities, gas companies involved in natural gas extraction and purchase, and operators of facilities for refining and processing natural gas
  • Operators of facilities for the production, storage, and transport of hydrogen

Entities operating in the energy sector ensure not only the stable supply of electricity, gas, heat, and petroleum products, but also the continuity of supply chains, maintenance of critical technological systems, and preparedness to respond to unforeseen events that could threaten economic and social stability. In practice, this means that individual entities bear responsibility for a complex infrastructure interconnected across sectors, enabling the functioning of the state and society.

Does this apply to your organization?

The energy ecosystem does not consist only of large energy companies. To increase the resilience of critical infrastructure and ensure the continuity of essential services, entities that directly cooperate with them or provide technologies and services supporting the sector’s functioning are equally important. These may include, for example, suppliers of technological equipment, service and maintenance companies, IT suppliers, or logistics companies.

If you are an entity operating in the energy sector, or your activities are within this field, or your organization cooperates with energy entities, you may become a member of the Critical Infrastructure Association of the Slovak Republic. Do not hesitate to contact us—we are here for you and will be happy to provide expert advice, access to first-hand information, and support in implementing legislative requirements and security standards.

What to expect next

In the next article, we will look at the Transport sector, its structure, and its importance for ensuring the continuity of supply chains and mobility.

29. októbra 2026
The European benchmark gas price has exceeded one hundred euros per megawatt-hour for the first time since December 2022. The Critical Infrastructure Association of the Slovak Republic points out that for operators of essential services, a different number is decisive: the number of hours they can keep operating if supplies are restricted.
29. októbra 2026
Európska referenčná cena plynu prvýkrát od decembra 2022 prekročila sto eur za megawatthodinu. Asociácia kritickej infraštruktúry Slovenskej republiky upozorňuje, že pre prevádzkovateľov základných služieb je rozhodujúce iné číslo: počet hodín, počas ktorých dokážu fungovať, ak sa dodávka obmedzí.
25. októbra 2026
An SK-CERT warning highlights two critical vulnerabilities in PHP technology. For critical entities, this is an opportunity to review not only their own information systems, but also the technologies they use through external suppliers.
25. októbra 2026
Varovanie SK-CERT upozorňuje na dve kritické zraniteľnosti v technológii PHP. Pre kritické subjekty je to príležitosť preveriť nielen vlastné informačné systémy, ale aj technológie, ktoré využívajú prostredníctvom externých dodávateľov.
22. októbra 2026
The Critical Infrastructure Association of the Slovak Republic (AKI SR) visited Future Forces 2026 in Prague, an international event focused on defence, security and emerging technologies. For the Association, the event provided an opportunity to explore solutions whose applications extend beyond the military domain and which can also contribute to protecting critical entities. AKI SR member company Decent Cybersecurity also played an active role at the event.
22. októbra 2026
Asociácia kritickej infraštruktúry SR (AKI SR) navštívila Future Forces 2026 v Prahe, medzinárodné podujatie zamerané na obranu, bezpečnosť a nové technológie. Pre asociáciu bolo príležitosťou sledovať riešenia, ktorých využitie presahuje vojenské prostredie a môže prispieť aj k ochrane kritických subjektov. Aktívne sa na podujatí prezentovala aj členská spoločnosť Decent Cybersecurity.
21. októbra 2026
The attempted arson attack on Starlink equipment in Vilnius shows that threatening strategic services does not require a large-scale attack. For Slovakia, this is a warning about the risks associated with damage to individual technological components and about the possible consequences for the functioning of critical infrastructure. 
21. októbra 2026
Pokus o podpaľačský útok na zariadenia Starlink vo Vilniuse ukazuje, že na ohrozenie strategických služieb nemusí byť potrebný rozsiahly útok. Pre Slovensko je to upozornenie na riziká spojené s poškodením jednotlivých technologických prvkov a na možné dôsledky pre fungovanie kritickej infraštruktúry. 
20. októbra 2026
Rising natural gas prices are not merely an economic problem. For critical infrastructure, they also test preparedness for supply disruptions, the ability to manage rising operating costs, and the continuity of essential services.
20. októbra 2026
Rast cien zemného plynu nie je iba ekonomickým problémom. Pre kritickú infraštruktúru predstavuje aj skúšku pripravenosti na narušenie dodávok, rast prevádzkových nákladov a zachovanie základných služieb.